The Economy of the Song Dynasty (960-1279 CE)

While this move at last weakened China's interaction with the peoples of Inner Asia, it did strengthen and unify the important state, which was conducive to a stronger economy (110). This was the pattern for the Northern song until an invasion by the Ruzhen invaders forced the song to move from Kaifeng to Hangzhou in 1126 and establish the S asidehern Song (92).

Additionally, beca utilisation of an intricate network of canals, the sieve produced in the south could be transported to the north to feed the increase populace, which doubled to 100 million by the height of the Song Dynasty (Fairbank and Goldman 89). Such population growth gave rise to a expand urban life. These cities became political, economic, and administrative centers, which fostered growth in both domestic and foreign trade (88-89). Some of the industries that thrived were coal, copper, iron and steel, ceramic production, use of gunpowder, silk, and ship building (90). Thus trade grew despite a conventional bias against merchants, who were considered lowest on the list of occupational classes (Fairbank and Goldman 108).

While many of these goods were used as tributes to appease the war-ridden groups on the borders of Inner Asia and China, the rest was used in both domestic and foreign trade. The government, recognizing the shortfall in revenue by means of land use tax and having attempted to have monopolies of authentic products and failed, began to tax products sooner (Ka

mavin of the officials responsible for the regulations of the economy during the Southern Song was the Neo-Confucian scholarly person, Wang Anshi (Kaplan 28-1). Neo-Confucianism was a causa during the Southern Song, based on scholars from the Northern Song, who had asserted standards of "perfect, selfless conduct" (Fairbank and Goldman 96).

They assumed that merchants were evermore greedy, military men always violent, and that the mass population would always need to be governed by an imperial autocrat counseled by a Confucian scholar class (96). These scholars were aware that they were in the midst of great flip-flop and referred to their own times as "modern times" and the tanginess period as "late antiquity" (Kaplan 28-2).

plan 28-1). Further, instead of asking for payment of taxes in kind, the government began to put out paper money, to replace the copper coins that were used as the traditional cash (28-1).

One of Wang's reforms that had mixed results was the reestablishment of the Community Compact organizations wherein neighborhoods were make responsible for policing themselves (Fairbank and Goldman 99). Besides the praising or reprimanding of neighbors, these neighborhood coalitions were overly responsible for the reporting or reprimand of any bandits or unlawful behavior in the area (Robinson 542). In addition, they were in charge of repairing roads, operating markets, and collecting taxes in their areas. Ideally, this would ease near of the duty from
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